單(dan)向滑動(dong)抗震支座(zuo)的作用是什么？

       傳遞上部(bu)結構的支承反力，包括恒載和活載引起(qi)的豎向力和水(shui)平力；

       保證結構(gou)(gou)在活載(zai)、溫度變(bian)化、混凝土收縮和(he)徐變(bian)等(deng)因素作(zuo)用下的自變(bian)形，以(yi)使(shi)上、下部結構(gou)(gou)的實際受力情況(kuang)符(fu)合結構(gou)(gou)的靜力圖式(shi)。

單向滑動抗震支座設計(ji)

       隨著建(jian)筑業(ye)的蓬勃發展(zhan)，我們注(zhu)意到越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多的多層(ceng)及高(gao)層(ceng)建(jian)筑被廣泛應(ying)用于各(ge)類商(shang)業(ye)建(jian)筑中(zhong)。建(jian)筑造型(xing)(xing)日新(xin)月異，雙塔(ta)(ta)甚至(zhi)多塔(ta)(ta)結(jie)構形式越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)普遍，各(ge)塔(ta)(ta)之間為了交通方便和(he)立(li)面造型(xing)(xing)的美觀(guan)，常常采用連廊(lang)將多座塔(ta)(ta)樓聯系在起。

       建(jian)筑物之間通(tong)過連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接，形成了多塔連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)體(ti)(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)各部分的(de)(de)(de)(de)動力特性不同，剛度和質量也(ye)(ye)下(xia)樣，在地(di)(di)震作(zuo)用下(xia)，被連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩棟主體(ti)(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)會由(you)于(yu)(yu)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)存在而相互(hu)影響出現耦連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)現象，使連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接部位的(de)(de)(de)(de)應力變得非常復(fu)雜。連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)也(ye)(ye)在地(di)(di)震作(zuo)用下(xia)易與主體(ti)(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)脫(tuo)離(li)，產生整體(ti)(ti)倒(dao)塌現象。圍內外的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)震災害現象均證(zheng)實了這點。因此(ci)，連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計是結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)工(gong)程師的(de)(de)(de)(de)個難題，目前這種結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研究(jiu)還(huan)(huan)不夠(gou)成熱，我(wo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)抗震設計規范封(feng)設連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)雜體(ti)(ti)型(xing)建(jian)筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計也(ye)(ye)還(huan)(huan)缺乏充分的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)指引。

       分(fen)析震害中(zhong)連(lian)(lian)廊(lang)整體倒塌的原因(yin)(yin)，大(da)部分(fen)是(shi)(shi)由于(yu)連(lian)(lian)廊(lang)連(lian)(lian)接節點(dian)破壞或連(lian)(lian)廊(lang)位(wei)移過(guo)大(da)造成的。因(yin)(yin)此，連(lian)(lian)廊(lang)與土體連(lian)(lian)接處的設計和處理(li)，是(shi)(shi)連(lian)(lian)廊(lang)結構(gou)的關鍵。

 單向滑動(dong)抗(kang)震支(zhi)座(zuo)的幾種連接方式

  1.剛性(xing)連(lian)接

  剛(gang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)是(shi)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)與(yu)塔樓(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)方式(shi)中(zhong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)種。它加強(qiang)(qiang)了(le)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)與(yu)塔樓(lou)之(zhi)間以及(ji)不(bu)(bu)同塔樓(lou)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)聯(lian)系，增強(qiang)(qiang)了(le)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)(ti)工作(zuo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，這是(shi)它大的(de)(de)(de)(de)優點。采用(yong)剛(gang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)不(bu)(bu)僅要(yao)(yao)承受自身的(de)(de)(de)(de)恒載(zai)、活(huo)載(zai)，更主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)協調不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)塔樓(lou)在(zai)水平、豎(shu)向荷載(zai)作(zuo)用(yong)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)均勻變(bian)形。這時，連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)與(yu)塔樓(lou)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)處的(de)(de)(de)(de)節(jie)點受力(li)(li)復雜，會產生(sheng)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)彎矩、剪(jian)力(li)(li)和軸力(li)(li)，并(bing)且上、下弦桿的(de)(de)(de)(de)軸力(li)(li)和彎矩還會構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)(ti)彎矩、剪(jian)力(li)(li)。這就要(yao)(yao)求連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)本(ben)身具(ju)有較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)度和剛(gang)度，這樣才(cai)更適合采用(yong)剛(gang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)。剛(gang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)支座(zuo)處理定要(yao)(yao)保證連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)能夠協調塔樓(lou)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形，因此，要(yao)(yao)特別(bie)注意加強(qiang)(qiang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)與(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)。必要(yao)(yao)時連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)可延伸(shen)至(zhi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)內(nei)筒并(bing)與(yu)內(nei)筒可靠(kao)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)；如無法伸(shen)至(zhi)內(nei)筒，也可在(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)內(nei)沿連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)方向設(she)置型鋼(gang)混凝(ning)土(tu)梁與(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)可靠(kao)錨(mao)固。連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)樓(lou)板應與(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)樓(lou)板可靠(kao)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)并(bing)加強(qiang)(qiang)配(pei)筋構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)。當與(yu)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)相連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)為鋼(gang)筋混凝(ning)土(tu)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)時，豎(shu)向構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)件內(nei)宜設(she)置型鋼(gang)，型鋼(gang)宜可靠(kao)錨(mao)入(ru)下部主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)。

  2.鉸接(jie)(jie)連接(jie)(jie)

  鉸(jiao)接連(lian)接放松了端部(bu)上、下弦桿的(de)(de)局部(bu)彎(wan)矩(ju)約束(shu)，減小了端部(bu)桿件的(de)(de)內力，使連(lian)接處的(de)(de)構造設計變得方便。但(dan)是，由(you)于沒有了端部(bu)的(de)(de)負彎(wan)矩(ju)，連(lian)廊跨中的(de)(de)正彎(wan)矩(ju)會有所增大，同時它(ta)也削弱(ruo)了連(lian)廊對塔樓共(gong)同工作(zuo)的(de)(de)協調(diao)作(zuo)用。

  3.滑動連接(jie)

  當連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)(lang)(lang)本身(shen)的(de)剛度較弱時(shi)，即使(shi)做(zuo)成剛性(xing)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接，它也不能起到(dao)協調(diao)(diao)兩塔樓變形的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，這(zhe)時(shi)應當考慮(lv)做(zuo)成滑動(dong)(dong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接的(de)形式(shi)。滑動(dong)(dong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接可(ke)以是連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)(lang)(lang)端與塔樓接，端滑動(dong)(dong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接，也可(ke)以兩端均做(zuo)成滑動(dong)(dong)支(zhi)座。采(cai)用(yong)這(zhe)種連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接方式(shi)，連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)(lang)(lang)的(de)受力將(jiang)會比(bi)較小，但(dan)是這(zhe)時(shi)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)(lang)(lang)已經不能再協調(diao)(diao)塔樓間的(de)共(gong)同工作(zuo)，塔樓和連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)(lang)(lang)均單獨受力，整個(ge)連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)(lang)(lang)結(jie)構僅僅是形式(shi)上的(de)“連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)(lang)(lang)結(jie)構”。因為滑動(dong)(dong)端在(zai)荷載作(zuo)用(yong)下會有(you)定的(de)滑移量，所以滑動(dong)(dong)支(zhi)座在(zai)設計(ji)時(shi)有(you)個(ge)重要問題就是要設限(xian)復(fu)位裝置，并提供預計(ji)滑移量，防止連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)(lang)(lang)的(de)滑落或與塔樓發生碰撞(zhuang)而造成結(jie)構的(de)破壞。因此這(zhe)種連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接方式(shi)般用(yong)于連(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)廊(lang)(lang)(lang)(lang)位置較低、跨度較小的(de)情況。

 綜上所述是單(dan)向滑動抗(kang)震支座的簡要介紹，有需要的客戶可以聯系我，我們廠子的產品銷往全國各地，產品質量保證，也得到了廣大客戶的認可，老客戶眾多。